从头搭建 .Net 的环境 - CentOS

    Info

    此操作完全是根据自己实际搭建过程进行的记录，此文档所有操作都基于 PVE 安装 CentOS-7-i386-Minimal-2009

    基础环境配置

    固定 IP 设置

    设置固定 IP

    进入 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ 目录

    > cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

    编辑 ifcfg-<interface> 文件

    > vi ifcfg-eth0

    修改其中内容

    TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static        # 将其改为 static，默认 dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=eth0

#UUID="69b5a74b-c46f-48e0-a2a5-959721dff85e"
#UUID=<UUID>
DEVICE=eth0

ONBOOT=yes              # 设置为 yes，默认是 no

IPADDR=10.1.10.9        # 你要设置的固定 IP 地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0   # 子网掩码
GATEWAY=10.1.10.1       # 网关 IP 地址

    保存并退出

    > :wq!

    重启网络服务

    > systemctl restart network
    注意

    此时可以通过 ping www.baidu.com 方式验证网络是否可用。

    当出现 位置的名称或服务 时，并且网关都通，物理机也可以正常上网，则说明虚拟机的 DNS 指向有问题，需要增加静态 DNS 解决。

    > vi /etc/resolv.conf

# 添加以下内容后 :wq 保存，并重新启动网络服务
search localdomain
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 8.8.8.8

    修改 yum 源

    安装 wget，修改 yum 源

    安装 wget

    > yum install -y wget

    修改 yum 源

    修改 yum 源，可以加快安装更新 rpm 包。在国内比较常用的有 aliyun 源、163 源等。修改方式如下。

    > cd /etc/yum.repos.d

> mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.backup
> wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
> mv CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-Base.repo
> yum clean all

    安装 dotnet

    安装 dotnet3.1 和 dotnet6，由于 aspnetcore runtime 运行时已经包含 dotnet runtime，所以不需要单独安装 dotnet runtime。

    > sudo rpm -Uvh https://packages.microsoft.com/config/centos/7/packages-microsoft-prod.rpm
> sudo yum install -y aspnetcore-runtime-3.1
> sudo yum install -y aspnetcore-runtime-6.0

    检查是否安装成功。

    > dotnet --list-runtimes
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.32 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.35 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.32 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.35 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

    安装 supervisor

    > sudo yum install -y supervisor

    配置调整

    /etc/supervisord.conf
    [include]
files = /srv/config/supervisor/*.conf

    启动

    > sudo systemctl start supervisord
> sudo systemctl enable supervisord

    安装 redis

    > sudo yum install -y redis

    配置调整

    /etc/redis.conf
    bind 127.0.0.1 ::1      # 取消注释
requirepass foobared    # 设置密码时取消注释，并把 foobared 改为新密码
port 6379               # 默认 6379 端口，如需更换直接修改

    重新启动

    > sudo systemctl start redis
> sudo systemctl enable redis
    Info

    如果使用非 root 账号，需要给下面文件授权：

    • /etc/redis.conf
    • /etc/nginx.conf
    • /srv/config/

    安装 nginx

    > sudo rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
    > sudo yum install -y nginx

    配置调整

    /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    ...

    #gzip  on;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /srv/conf/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

    启动

    > nginx

    安装 mysql

    卸载 mariadb

    > sudo rpm -qa | grep mariadb
> sudo rpm -e mariadb-libs --nodeps

    安装 5.7 版本

    > sudo yum localinstall -y https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
    > sudo yum install -y mysql-community-server
    安装出现问题

    安装后如果出现

    Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 Package    : mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

Public key for mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed

Failing package is: mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64
GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

    则执行

    > rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
> rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

    MySQL 配置

    /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin                   # 开启 binlog
binlog-format=ROW                   # 选择 ROW 模式
server_id=1                         # 配置 MySQL replaction 需要定义，不要和 canal 的 slaveId 重复
lower-case-table-names=1
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
user=mysql
port=3306
key_buffer_size=256M

basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql_data
socket=/opt/mysql_data/mysql.sock
pid-file=/opt/mysql_data/mysqld.pid

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
max_connect_errors=6000
default-time-zone = '+08:00'

# 日志
log_error=/var/log/mysql/mysql_error.log
# 慢查询日志
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/mysql_slow_query.log
long_query_time=2

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/opt/mysql_data/mysql.sock

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

    设置开机启动

    > systemctl enable mysqld

    启动服务

    > systemctl restart mysqld

    获取临时密码

    > grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

    设置 root 密码

    > mysqladmin -u root password 'foobared'

    硬盘挂载

    安装系统磁盘为 40G，另有一块 250G 磁盘可以挂载到 /srv/ 目录下

    > lsblk
> fdisk -l
> mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb
> lsblk
> mount /dev/vdb /srv/
> df -h
> fdisk -l
> vim /etc/fstab

    持久化挂载

    /etc/fstab
    #
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Jun 28 04:16:23 2024
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

# UUID=c8b5b2da-5565-4dc1-b002-2a8b07573e22 / ext4 defaults 1 1
/dev/vdb /srv ext4 defaults 0 1